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[Music]

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good afternoon and welcome to nasa tv in

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our expedition 5253 crew news conference

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we're here with uh three veteran space

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flight astronauts who are getting ready

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now for their upcoming

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launch training for their mission right

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now and we have with us today randy

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bresnick paolo nespoli and sergey

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ryazanskiy

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i'm going to let them all introduce

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themselves briefly and then we're going

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to take questions not only from here in

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the room and on the phone but also via

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social media you can get your question

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in by using the hashtag ask nasa

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all right randy want to let you

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introduce yourself good afternoon

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everyone uh randy bresnik

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colonel united states marine corps

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recently retired after 25 years was a

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combat fighter pilot at planet f-18s

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test pilot and then fortunate to be

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selected of the 2004 astronaut class um

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i am

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the most fortunate man on the planet to

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be married the most amazing woman on or

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off the planet my wife rebecca who

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happens to join us today uh and then

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also blessed to be a father of a

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ten-year-old son and a seven-year-old

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daughter

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and i asked these guys uh to to share at

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the end of their quick intro about

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themselves one interesting fact that

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maybe you you know you wouldn't know

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about us astronauts for me that the

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interesting tidbit i thought i'd share

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is that i've got a 66 mustang ford

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mustang that i've had for over 30 years

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now

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amazing crewmates that

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comes from italy and you know my last

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thing i'll say is that yeah i'm very

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fortunate to be flying with such

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experienced and outstanding people

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thank you thank you randy uh yes i'm

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paul and espo italian astronaut of the

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european space agency uh actually we are

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two foreigners here on this flight so

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look at this um

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uh i wanted to be an astronaut when i

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was a kid but it was kind of difficult

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uh that time for uh for an italian for a

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non-american uh i ended up uh

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being drafted for with the italian army

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and i stayed in italian army for quite

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some years and then eventually uh picked

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up again this uh childhood dream and

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got a degree in aerospace engineering

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and then continue apply work it worked

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first for the european space agency and

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then fortunate enough in 1998 to be

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selected as a european astronaut i was

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i flew on chateau in 2007 short duration

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mission to build the international space

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station another one in 2010 and 11 a

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long duration mission and i'm fortunate

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enough to be here again now

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with reindeer segue for this for this

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new adventure so looking forward uh

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special thank i was thinking about it i

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could mention that i have an italian

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moto guzzi for quite many years and the

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fact that it's not far far away from

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italy but i think one of the crazy

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things is that i like to take things

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apart and fix them most of the time with

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some spare

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things flying flying around here and

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there so i i tell people not to show me

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anything that is broken or anything like

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this because i really wanted to stop

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working on it and

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sometimes it works

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yeah exactly

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all right it's okay

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my name is sergey arizanski i'm russian

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cosmonaut and

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to be honest i never dreamed to

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become a cosmonaut

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i always wanted to be scientists so my

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background is

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biochemistry and my phd space medicine

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and i was working

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in institute of biomedical problems

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for

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almost 14 years

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performing science and

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[Music]

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accidentally i was

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i was selected of course why not and i'm

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really

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glad that uh this uh nice thing happened

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uh this is this will be my second flight

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my previous mission was with alec cordov

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and

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mike

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hopkins

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i really enjoyed working on board the

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iss so i'm looking forward to work

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together with

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such nice team

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and

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something special i'm

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a

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here in the room with the reporters

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we've got on hand and then we'll take

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some questions from the phone bridge if

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we get any reporters who would like to

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ask questions via phone you can use um

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the

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star one press star one to actually let

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us know that you have a question and if

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you uh if your question gets answered

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you can use star two to withdraw it and

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one more reminder we are gonna be taking

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questions from social media using the

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hashtag ask nasa so get those in as well

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we'll start here in the room and if you

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can say who you're with and

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who you want to ask your question to

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oh thank you mark caro with aviation

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week

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and i have a question for randy and

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sergey

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for randy what sorts of activities are

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you prepared or and or planned to do

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for a commercial crew enhancement and

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for sergey are there any activities that

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you will participate in uh to prepare

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for the science module i think nuaka if

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i say it right

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mlm

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for the science point their science the

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for the commercial crew the big things

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that could possibly be happening during

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our increment um the main things would

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be relocating the the pma

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from where it is over on node three over

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to node two on the zenith side so we can

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allow for docking of vehicles at that

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point and so

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the work to remove the pma um

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and then putting it in the no two

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position they're right now forecasting

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to be done maybe in the march time frame

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which is a little ahead of us

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but depending on the physical vehicle

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traffic uh bring up the elements that

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are needed for that uh it could slip uh

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ideally they get that done and then the

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only things left

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are things like with the ida uh the

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docking adapter getting put on that pma

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and the different parts that go to

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protect the uh the interface between the

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docking adapter and the pma those are

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things that could fall into evas during

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our time frame there's some interior

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outfitting that goes with that but

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ideally

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that's done before we get there um and

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then allow us to be completely ready and

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then obviously we wait you know

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hopefully our commercial providers with

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boeing and spacex are able to get

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ideally great to see

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their demo vehicles but i think with the

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current schedule that's probably going

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to push out beyond our expedition

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what about science model

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really

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russian science model mlm is not a very

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lucky piece of equipment

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sliding a little bit

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but for now

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i received training and certified for a

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prepare for mlm arrival and

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i'm receiving training on mlm docking so

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hopefully

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uh our crew or maybe next crew finally

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will see this model

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arrived

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on station

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it's really nice lab and

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looking forward

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to work

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on it

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we'll have plenty of work to do

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regardless

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all right jim over for is spectrum

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uh i believe you're in a situation

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sergey where you're in a two-person

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russian segment crew for a while

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because you all you comment on what the

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reduction to a five-person station

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complement is going to mean for a

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workload for everybody on the station

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thank you

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well um

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it's mostly

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concerns the russian uh program

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uh we will be really busy because there

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will be only two of us so um

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uh

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i have

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lots of science

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that is now

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uh going into task list so

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some

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experiments that will be done in my free

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time

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on board the station

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but

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overall for

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life support and for technical issues

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two russian crew members will be enough

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on the usa

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on board we'll still have you know three

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us and then up to up to four ideally

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soon very soon the only place where it

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affected us so much was in the training

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where you know our original sergei and i

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originally supposed to launch in in

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november with exhibition 55 now or

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exhibition 5253

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and we had uh

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three u.s crew members that were

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originally slated for the right sea of

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soyuz now have to train for the left

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seat and so that's that's where we think

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it's all pre-flight and then during the

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flight we shouldn't see that much

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difference other than maybe seeing

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sergey and fyodor a little tireder than

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they normally would be

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hi robert perlman with collectspace.com

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you sort of touched a little bit on this

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in terms of training but

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with so many moving parts in terms of

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when commercial crew vehicle commercial

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cargo vehicles will arrive

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when um

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the progress will arrive when when

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you'll actually launch yourself

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how does that how is that impacted

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training in terms of

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um

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knowing which science payloads will be

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on board

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um knowing uh if you'll do space walks

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if you don't have to do space walks um

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what's that what's that impact

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certainly uh

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you know it's not shuttle and we've been

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doing that for for quite a few years now

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and we know that we're not able to train

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every specific day and every specific

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task and so that's the training is

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geared towards towards skills-based

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training where

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if we can turn one wrench on this piece

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of coin we can tune it on 100 pieces of

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equipment so

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while it'd be nice to have details we've

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been able to structure our training

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where we're generically ready for any of

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the space vehicles you know if the cargo

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vehicles slip uh if the eva slip if you

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guys get moved up and stuff we can

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pretty much adapt to and the interesting

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thing about being in that that mindset

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nowadays is that the just-in-time

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00:11:00,310 --> 00:10:59,120
training has really really come along

286
00:11:02,630 --> 00:11:00,320
and we're able to get procedures that

287
00:11:05,190 --> 00:11:02,640
are tailored uh for this specific

288
00:11:06,949 --> 00:11:05,200
training they're able to make videos um

289
00:11:08,870 --> 00:11:06,959
that are tailored and embedded in the

290
00:11:11,110 --> 00:11:08,880
procedure so you can watch a 20-second

291
00:11:12,710 --> 00:11:11,120
or 30-second video of 10 steps of a

292
00:11:15,110 --> 00:11:12,720
procedure that gives you the visual of

293
00:11:16,630 --> 00:11:15,120
it and it takes the place of being able

294
00:11:18,310 --> 00:11:16,640
to have that repeated repetitive

295
00:11:20,069 --> 00:11:18,320
training on the ground

296
00:11:21,590 --> 00:11:20,079
to give you that you know

297
00:11:23,269 --> 00:11:21,600
level experience that you would have

298
00:11:26,630 --> 00:11:23,279
normally had on previous training so

299
00:11:29,110 --> 00:11:26,640
that's that's very helpful and also even

300
00:11:30,710 --> 00:11:29,120
be able to have the people in real time

301
00:11:33,269 --> 00:11:30,720
calm um

302
00:11:34,949 --> 00:11:33,279
and experimenting with things like uh um

303
00:11:36,069 --> 00:11:34,959
the heads-up display type like the

304
00:11:37,350 --> 00:11:36,079
google glass type stuff where they're

305
00:11:39,030 --> 00:11:37,360
able to see what we're doing and be able

306
00:11:40,310 --> 00:11:39,040
to talk to us real time like another

307
00:11:41,509 --> 00:11:40,320
crew member who's experienced right

308
00:11:43,030 --> 00:11:41,519
there with us while we're putting their

309
00:11:44,470 --> 00:11:43,040
hands on the equipment so things like

310
00:11:47,590 --> 00:11:44,480
that really help make up for the fact

311
00:11:49,509 --> 00:11:47,600
that there is this fluidity and i think

312
00:11:51,670 --> 00:11:49,519
all of us having been flown crew members

313
00:11:52,550 --> 00:11:51,680
before we're used to things changing and

314
00:11:55,110 --> 00:11:52,560
so we

315
00:11:56,389 --> 00:11:55,120
say stand by to stand by and we'll

316
00:11:58,870 --> 00:11:56,399
we'll be prepared for whatever is

317
00:12:00,470 --> 00:11:58,880
whenever it is um and we'll look to see

318
00:12:01,990 --> 00:12:00,480
what flavor it happens to be and execute

319
00:12:05,590 --> 00:12:02,000
it the best we can

320
00:12:09,590 --> 00:12:07,829
anything

321
00:12:11,110 --> 00:12:09,600
eric berger with arts technica for

322
00:12:12,790 --> 00:12:11,120
sergey um

323
00:12:15,990 --> 00:12:12,800
just wondering what your experiences

324
00:12:17,990 --> 00:12:16,000
were in the mars 500

325
00:12:19,910 --> 00:12:18,000
mission that you did what surprised you

326
00:12:21,829 --> 00:12:19,920
about that and what do you think is

327
00:12:23,670 --> 00:12:21,839
different about sort of that kind of

328
00:12:26,230 --> 00:12:23,680
long duration mission and the six months

329
00:12:30,130 --> 00:12:26,240
you'll spend on station

330
00:12:31,750 --> 00:12:30,140
uh really march 500 project was

331
00:12:35,110 --> 00:12:31,760
[Music]

332
00:12:37,350 --> 00:12:35,120
interesting and

333
00:12:38,389 --> 00:12:37,360
it brought some valuable

334
00:12:40,710 --> 00:12:38,399
experience

335
00:12:44,790 --> 00:12:40,720
first of all i

336
00:12:47,430 --> 00:12:44,800
realized how hard is to be the boss

337
00:12:50,829 --> 00:12:47,440
to be commander because you have all

338
00:12:54,629 --> 00:12:50,839
this responsibility and trying

339
00:12:56,230 --> 00:12:54,639
to negotiate things between your crew

340
00:12:57,509 --> 00:12:56,240
members to

341
00:13:00,389 --> 00:12:57,519
keep

342
00:13:03,110 --> 00:13:00,399
the nice ecological

343
00:13:07,509 --> 00:13:03,120
environment inside

344
00:13:11,990 --> 00:13:07,519
compared with iss mars 500 and future

345
00:13:16,629 --> 00:13:13,190
they are

346
00:13:17,509 --> 00:13:16,639
absolutely autonomous

347
00:13:22,629 --> 00:13:17,519
so

348
00:13:24,949 --> 00:13:22,639
on iss as randy said we're able to call

349
00:13:29,750 --> 00:13:24,959
scientists to the ground

350
00:13:37,269 --> 00:13:33,269
flying to mars you will not have this

351
00:13:39,990 --> 00:13:38,230
that's

352
00:13:41,990 --> 00:13:40,000
that means that

353
00:13:43,590 --> 00:13:42,000
crew should be

354
00:13:44,790 --> 00:13:43,600
next level

355
00:13:49,269 --> 00:13:44,800
of

356
00:13:53,910 --> 00:13:49,279
the same is for

357
00:13:56,710 --> 00:13:53,920
a ground support team they should um

358
00:13:58,389 --> 00:13:56,720
delegate their responsibility to the

359
00:14:00,310 --> 00:13:58,399
crew

360
00:14:01,670 --> 00:14:00,320
and

361
00:14:03,829 --> 00:14:01,680
crew should

362
00:14:06,470 --> 00:14:03,839
be able to

363
00:14:07,509 --> 00:14:06,480
do anything to make decision

364
00:14:11,110 --> 00:14:07,519
um

365
00:14:15,110 --> 00:14:11,120
honestly when we're working on iss

366
00:14:19,189 --> 00:14:15,120
99 percentage of all decisions are made

367
00:14:22,949 --> 00:14:20,949
and we're also you know to add to that

368
00:14:25,990 --> 00:14:22,959
thankful that you know here sergey is

369
00:14:27,829 --> 00:14:26,000
the first scientist commander of a soyuz

370
00:14:29,350 --> 00:14:27,839
and with this mars experience and just

371
00:14:31,269 --> 00:14:29,360
the good character of the person that he

372
00:14:33,430 --> 00:14:31,279
is he's been an outstanding commander

373
00:14:35,750 --> 00:14:33,440
for us to prepare us for our flight on

374
00:14:38,150 --> 00:14:35,760
the you know new soyuz ms vehicle and

375
00:14:41,590 --> 00:14:38,160
deflects from a november with a japanese

376
00:14:43,670 --> 00:14:41,600
crew member to a you know april may now

377
00:14:45,590 --> 00:14:43,680
maybe july launch with an italian crew

378
00:14:47,189 --> 00:14:45,600
member you know it's been seamless and

379
00:14:48,710 --> 00:14:47,199
and we've been ready to go uh the whole

380
00:14:50,790 --> 00:14:48,720
time so it's really you know good

381
00:14:52,069 --> 00:14:50,800
testament to sergey's work ethic and who

382
00:14:53,750 --> 00:14:52,079
he is

383
00:14:56,150 --> 00:14:53,760
and rita you've done a couple of analog

384
00:14:58,150 --> 00:14:56,160
missions as well i think nemo and caves

385
00:14:59,829 --> 00:14:58,160
right i know that's not quite the same

386
00:15:01,590 --> 00:14:59,839
as mars but you probably got some

387
00:15:02,870 --> 00:15:01,600
valuable experience from those as well

388
00:15:03,670 --> 00:15:02,880
certainly and that's something that is

389
00:15:04,790 --> 00:15:03,680
just

390
00:15:07,590 --> 00:15:04,800
so

391
00:15:09,590 --> 00:15:07,600
amazing that here on planet earth

392
00:15:12,069 --> 00:15:09,600
we can go ahead and use these extreme

393
00:15:14,710 --> 00:15:12,079
environments to prepare astronauts and

394
00:15:16,310 --> 00:15:14,720
people for uh for the training

395
00:15:18,150 --> 00:15:16,320
space is such a

396
00:15:19,670 --> 00:15:18,160
unique experience where you're seeing

397
00:15:21,350 --> 00:15:19,680
the curvature of the earth every time

398
00:15:23,110 --> 00:15:21,360
you look out the window and you're

399
00:15:25,350 --> 00:15:23,120
feeling things in your body that you've

400
00:15:26,949 --> 00:15:25,360
never felt before in zero g

401
00:15:28,949 --> 00:15:26,959
and it's you know it's an assault on the

402
00:15:30,389 --> 00:15:28,959
senses i think we'd all agree the first

403
00:15:31,829 --> 00:15:30,399
time that you do it

404
00:15:34,629 --> 00:15:31,839
and so we're able to use these extreme

405
00:15:36,870 --> 00:15:34,639
environments to put groups of

406
00:15:38,550 --> 00:15:36,880
astronauts and cosmonauts tyco nuts all

407
00:15:40,069 --> 00:15:38,560
together

408
00:15:41,590 --> 00:15:40,079
and use experiences like the nemo

409
00:15:43,910 --> 00:15:41,600
mission underwater and the aquarius

410
00:15:45,509 --> 00:15:43,920
habitat off the florida keys the only

411
00:15:47,110 --> 00:15:45,519
underwater habitat left in the world for

412
00:15:49,269 --> 00:15:47,120
where people can train you can live down

413
00:15:51,030 --> 00:15:49,279
there for for uh you know we spent a

414
00:15:52,150 --> 00:15:51,040
week and now you know we've had two week

415
00:15:54,069 --> 00:15:52,160
missions

416
00:15:56,310 --> 00:15:54,079
and what that allows you to do is you

417
00:15:58,470 --> 00:15:56,320
know a lot of people have scuba dove or

418
00:15:59,670 --> 00:15:58,480
or snorkeled and you've seen fish and

419
00:16:01,590 --> 00:15:59,680
been in the environment but it's been

420
00:16:03,590 --> 00:16:01,600
you know maximum 45 minutes or an hour

421
00:16:05,509 --> 00:16:03,600
or something like that not live there

422
00:16:08,069 --> 00:16:05,519
and see the sun go up and down and see

423
00:16:10,470 --> 00:16:08,079
how the wildlife you know moves and

424
00:16:12,230 --> 00:16:10,480
changes and different creatures adapt

425
00:16:13,749 --> 00:16:12,240
and seeing how the environment is

426
00:16:15,829 --> 00:16:13,759
different when you're going out on

427
00:16:17,189 --> 00:16:15,839
simulated spacewalks uh during the

428
00:16:19,749 --> 00:16:17,199
daytime and during the night time down

429
00:16:23,030 --> 00:16:19,759
there and knowing that even though you

430
00:16:25,110 --> 00:16:23,040
know surfaces is only you know um

431
00:16:27,509 --> 00:16:25,120
uh about 42 feet away

432
00:16:28,310 --> 00:16:27,519
um the fact that if you go there if you

433
00:16:30,069 --> 00:16:28,320
have a problem when you're on a

434
00:16:32,230 --> 00:16:30,079
spacewalk it kills you because you get

435
00:16:33,509 --> 00:16:32,240
the bends and so you know knowing your

436
00:16:35,269 --> 00:16:33,519
equipment making sure you're doing your

437
00:16:36,710 --> 00:16:35,279
buddy checks making sure you know your

438
00:16:39,030 --> 00:16:36,720
safety and your emergency training is

439
00:16:40,790 --> 00:16:39,040
ready to go to get back into the the uh

440
00:16:43,110 --> 00:16:40,800
the airlock and back into the habitat

441
00:16:45,030 --> 00:16:43,120
where relative safety is if there's any

442
00:16:47,110 --> 00:16:45,040
type of problem um that that was the

443
00:16:48,949 --> 00:16:47,120
nemo mission and the caves expedition

444
00:16:51,269 --> 00:16:48,959
which was uh uh

445
00:16:52,790 --> 00:16:51,279
you know amazing in the fact that now

446
00:16:53,910 --> 00:16:52,800
you're going in and the base camp at

447
00:16:56,949 --> 00:16:53,920
least for us because we were the first

448
00:16:58,310 --> 00:16:56,959
one um first crew ever to do it was a

449
00:17:00,230 --> 00:16:58,320
kilometer and a half in from the

450
00:17:02,310 --> 00:17:00,240
entrance of the cave and you're in an

451
00:17:03,910 --> 00:17:02,320
environment where it is dark

452
00:17:05,990 --> 00:17:03,920
24 hours a day you don't know what time

453
00:17:07,590 --> 00:17:06,000
it is just like on space station you're

454
00:17:09,429 --> 00:17:07,600
now constant temperature constant

455
00:17:11,510 --> 00:17:09,439
humidity inside the cave just like you

456
00:17:13,750 --> 00:17:11,520
are on space station you've got you know

457
00:17:15,029 --> 00:17:13,760
tethers and and you're rappelling and

458
00:17:17,029 --> 00:17:15,039
doing all kinds of things that you're

459
00:17:18,710 --> 00:17:17,039
required to attach on for safety just

460
00:17:20,390 --> 00:17:18,720
like you do during a spacewalk and

461
00:17:22,069 --> 00:17:20,400
you're able to do that and guess what

462
00:17:23,829 --> 00:17:22,079
you're in a cave where there's no paths

463
00:17:25,270 --> 00:17:23,839
no trails no lights except what you have

464
00:17:26,549 --> 00:17:25,280
on your helmet and you've got to point

465
00:17:28,390 --> 00:17:26,559
it to see be able to see something just

466
00:17:30,870 --> 00:17:28,400
like you do on a spacewalk and so that

467
00:17:32,789 --> 00:17:30,880
realism at every moment every step has

468
00:17:35,029 --> 00:17:32,799
to be you know put precisely otherwise

469
00:17:36,470 --> 00:17:35,039
you slip and there are consequences to

470
00:17:39,110 --> 00:17:36,480
you know being in the cave and you know

471
00:17:40,630 --> 00:17:39,120
you could easily cause a fatal injury uh

472
00:17:41,590 --> 00:17:40,640
if you're not careful in the caves and

473
00:17:43,029 --> 00:17:41,600
so

474
00:17:44,230 --> 00:17:43,039
there's all that risk and that the

475
00:17:46,150 --> 00:17:44,240
heightened sense of awareness of the

476
00:17:48,150 --> 00:17:46,160
environment and then there's the simple

477
00:17:50,470 --> 00:17:48,160
fact that it is completely unique there

478
00:17:52,870 --> 00:17:50,480
are very few people that have ever lived

479
00:17:54,870 --> 00:17:52,880
and spent a night let alone a week in a

480
00:17:56,390 --> 00:17:54,880
cave somewhere you know in this unique

481
00:17:59,190 --> 00:17:56,400
environment and you're able to take it

482
00:18:02,390 --> 00:17:59,200
in and adapt to it and by the end of the

483
00:18:03,750 --> 00:18:02,400
week be able to operate and you know you

484
00:18:04,710 --> 00:18:03,760
have some sort of sense of when your

485
00:18:05,990 --> 00:18:04,720
battery's going to run out in your

486
00:18:07,750 --> 00:18:06,000
helmet light you're able to conserve

487
00:18:09,510 --> 00:18:07,760
things it's amazing how much you get

488
00:18:10,789 --> 00:18:09,520
used to using the the toilet facilities

489
00:18:13,590 --> 00:18:10,799
because that's a unique experience just

490
00:18:15,110 --> 00:18:13,600
like up in space and so now you know

491
00:18:16,710 --> 00:18:15,120
getting astronauts through either one of

492
00:18:18,470 --> 00:18:16,720
those or both of those now they've got a

493
00:18:20,070 --> 00:18:18,480
couple of unique extreme experiences

494
00:18:21,990 --> 00:18:20,080
they've been through so when they go to

495
00:18:23,830 --> 00:18:22,000
space it's not the first time they get

496
00:18:25,110 --> 00:18:23,840
the assault on the senses in the mind

497
00:18:27,110 --> 00:18:25,120
and in a picture of something very

498
00:18:28,230 --> 00:18:27,120
unique it's just another one and so

499
00:18:29,430 --> 00:18:28,240
therefore hopefully they'd be more

500
00:18:32,310 --> 00:18:29,440
effective

501
00:18:33,990 --> 00:18:32,320
as a crewmate um as well as

502
00:18:35,750 --> 00:18:34,000
just as an individual to operate in this

503
00:18:37,510 --> 00:18:35,760
unique experience a lot quicker than if

504
00:18:39,029 --> 00:18:37,520
they had without that training paul

505
00:18:40,710 --> 00:18:39,039
anything else that you want to add on

506
00:18:43,270 --> 00:18:40,720
caves

507
00:18:46,230 --> 00:18:43,280
well i've done uh myself a bunch of this

508
00:18:48,150 --> 00:18:46,240
uh of this uh simulated space mission i

509
00:18:50,870 --> 00:18:48,160
mean the first one in 1990 i was

510
00:18:52,950 --> 00:18:50,880
isolating a in a small

511
00:18:55,510 --> 00:18:52,960
environment with six other five other

512
00:18:57,110 --> 00:18:55,520
crew members in a 28-day long duration

513
00:18:59,350 --> 00:18:57,120
mission and i ended up being the

514
00:19:01,270 --> 00:18:59,360
commander by the way so i appreciate

515
00:19:03,510 --> 00:19:01,280
your difficulty or negotiating what's

516
00:19:05,830 --> 00:19:03,520
happening inside with the outside

517
00:19:08,390 --> 00:19:05,840
uh but they the fact of being an

518
00:19:10,470 --> 00:19:08,400
isolated confined environment where you

519
00:19:12,549 --> 00:19:10,480
build up your own reality that though

520
00:19:14,789 --> 00:19:12,559
has to go with the outside so it's a

521
00:19:17,270 --> 00:19:14,799
it's a very interesting uh learning

522
00:19:20,310 --> 00:19:17,280
experience that really pushes uh your

523
00:19:22,470 --> 00:19:20,320
capability and makes you explore

524
00:19:24,470 --> 00:19:22,480
more one of the things that because i

525
00:19:26,630 --> 00:19:24,480
didn't do nemo i was the ground crew i

526
00:19:30,070 --> 00:19:26,640
did i did knowles several times in

527
00:19:32,549 --> 00:19:30,080
alaska i was up in the mountain wyoming

528
00:19:34,150 --> 00:19:32,559
things like this

529
00:19:36,230 --> 00:19:34,160
i did caves and that was very

530
00:19:39,029 --> 00:19:36,240
interesting and what got me there in

531
00:19:40,870 --> 00:19:39,039
caves was the fact that at certain point

532
00:19:43,110 --> 00:19:40,880
i don't know how far away you went from

533
00:19:46,070 --> 00:19:43,120
from base camp but we end up going

534
00:19:47,750 --> 00:19:46,080
really really really deep from base camp

535
00:19:49,590 --> 00:19:47,760
and we were like

536
00:19:51,190 --> 00:19:49,600
10 hours away

537
00:19:54,870 --> 00:19:51,200
literally

538
00:19:56,070 --> 00:19:54,880
soaking wet cold because it's it's low

539
00:19:58,630 --> 00:19:56,080
temperature

540
00:20:01,909 --> 00:19:58,640
and still we wanted to push

541
00:20:04,710 --> 00:20:01,919
to to see what's beyond that rock or

542
00:20:07,510 --> 00:20:04,720
under that tunnel we wanted to push this

543
00:20:10,390 --> 00:20:07,520
sense of discovery that we have as human

544
00:20:12,149 --> 00:20:10,400
the the the the the thing that you have

545
00:20:14,390 --> 00:20:12,159
and the fact that you really need to

546
00:20:16,310 --> 00:20:14,400
make sure that you have enough uh you

547
00:20:18,710 --> 00:20:16,320
know strength enough capability to go

548
00:20:22,070 --> 00:20:18,720
back to base camp because this discovery

549
00:20:24,549 --> 00:20:22,080
thing is so so strong on us that makes

550
00:20:27,029 --> 00:20:24,559
you forget about everything else so that

551
00:20:28,789 --> 00:20:27,039
was a really interesting discovery for

552
00:20:31,029 --> 00:20:28,799
me but we discover all sorts of other

553
00:20:33,270 --> 00:20:31,039
things and i'm grateful for for these

554
00:20:35,430 --> 00:20:33,280
experiences that at the end prepare us

555
00:20:37,669 --> 00:20:35,440
to go in space in a much better

556
00:20:39,669 --> 00:20:37,679
conditions well and then just taking

557
00:20:41,510 --> 00:20:39,679
that a step farther i guess you know the

558
00:20:43,190 --> 00:20:41,520
space station itself is kind of meant to

559
00:20:45,350 --> 00:20:43,200
be an analog for going to mars or

560
00:20:47,350 --> 00:20:45,360
further longer duration missions further

561
00:20:49,190 --> 00:20:47,360
into the to the solar system i know

562
00:20:51,909 --> 00:20:49,200
there's probably um a few things on

563
00:20:53,510 --> 00:20:51,919
y'alls on y'all's uh science um radar

564
00:20:55,510 --> 00:20:53,520
that is meant to

565
00:20:57,029 --> 00:20:55,520
uh find out what you know kind of

566
00:20:58,470 --> 00:20:57,039
changes on the body we should expect and

567
00:20:59,750 --> 00:20:58,480
things like that do you think it's that

568
00:21:01,830 --> 00:20:59,760
something you think about you you've

569
00:21:03,430 --> 00:21:01,840
been there for a long duration already

570
00:21:05,110 --> 00:21:03,440
paolo do you well

571
00:21:06,710 --> 00:21:05,120
yeah

572
00:21:08,230 --> 00:21:06,720
say any questions sorry do you think

573
00:21:10,390 --> 00:21:08,240
about that a lot about how this could be

574
00:21:13,430 --> 00:21:10,400
like going to mars

575
00:21:15,990 --> 00:21:13,440
well for sure it's uh it's building up

576
00:21:18,230 --> 00:21:16,000
the knowledge that we absolutely need

577
00:21:20,789 --> 00:21:18,240
before we push forward

578
00:21:23,350 --> 00:21:20,799
outside earth i absolutely concur with

579
00:21:24,310 --> 00:21:23,360
what segier said before about the fact

580
00:21:27,510 --> 00:21:24,320
that

581
00:21:29,990 --> 00:21:27,520
emission to mars require a level of

582
00:21:33,029 --> 00:21:30,000
redundancy in the hardware a level of

583
00:21:34,149 --> 00:21:33,039
capability of decision by the crew a

584
00:21:37,430 --> 00:21:34,159
level of

585
00:21:41,909 --> 00:21:39,830
operational capabilities today we don't

586
00:21:44,549 --> 00:21:41,919
have on station we don't need on station

587
00:21:47,590 --> 00:21:44,559
and we are focused mostly on science and

588
00:21:50,230 --> 00:21:47,600
acquiring information now but later on

589
00:21:52,470 --> 00:21:50,240
when we push when we go as i said in the

590
00:21:54,549 --> 00:21:52,480
cave and and you want to push push push

591
00:21:56,390 --> 00:21:54,559
and you start forgetting that you know

592
00:21:58,710 --> 00:21:56,400
you keep pushing but you have to come

593
00:22:00,230 --> 00:21:58,720
back sooner or later i think though all

594
00:22:02,230 --> 00:22:00,240
those experiences that we do on space

595
00:22:06,230 --> 00:22:02,240
station are extremely important to give

596
00:22:08,230 --> 00:22:06,240
us the basis to keep going forward later

597
00:22:11,270 --> 00:22:08,240
all right we are going to go to the

598
00:22:13,990 --> 00:22:11,280
phone now for a minute i think we have

599
00:22:23,350 --> 00:22:14,000
space.com online if you can go ahead and

600
00:22:30,789 --> 00:22:26,149
okay we'll maybe come back to space.com

601
00:22:34,630 --> 00:22:32,549
uh great thanks so much

602
00:22:35,909 --> 00:22:34,640
i was just wondering uh

603
00:22:37,669 --> 00:22:35,919
wristwatch has played an interesting

604
00:22:39,590 --> 00:22:37,679
part in the history of space travel i

605
00:22:40,470 --> 00:22:39,600
was hoping you tell me

606
00:22:41,750 --> 00:22:40,480
which

607
00:22:44,549 --> 00:22:41,760
wrist watches you guys are going to be

608
00:22:47,590 --> 00:22:44,559
bringing up to space and why

609
00:22:49,029 --> 00:22:47,600
wrist watches this one

610
00:22:53,270 --> 00:22:49,039
all right

611
00:22:57,270 --> 00:22:55,190
speedmaster was it

612
00:22:58,230 --> 00:22:57,280
two or three is that i don't know it's

613
00:22:59,909 --> 00:22:58,240
like that

614
00:23:01,909 --> 00:22:59,919
it's the omega speedmaster the one

615
00:23:03,830 --> 00:23:01,919
that's you know that uh american

616
00:23:05,909 --> 00:23:03,840
astronauts have been wearing for decades

617
00:23:10,070 --> 00:23:05,919
now uh when they travel to space uh this

618
00:23:13,430 --> 00:23:10,080
one this one flew with me an sts-129

619
00:23:16,310 --> 00:23:13,440
it was a gift from my wife thank you

620
00:23:17,990 --> 00:23:16,320
this time i i got one and don't tell

621
00:23:20,310 --> 00:23:18,000
anyone because it's a secret but i've

622
00:23:22,470 --> 00:23:20,320
got one for my son

623
00:23:24,470 --> 00:23:22,480
he's 10 years old and that my hope is

624
00:23:26,390 --> 00:23:24,480
that when he graduates from high school

625
00:23:31,029 --> 00:23:26,400
i can get it to him as a gift

626
00:23:34,230 --> 00:23:32,630
well i'm

627
00:23:37,029 --> 00:23:34,240
time

628
00:23:39,110 --> 00:23:37,039
in space and especially on duration

629
00:23:41,909 --> 00:23:39,120
my experience is very very difficult to

630
00:23:43,830 --> 00:23:41,919
handle and in fact i ended up when i was

631
00:23:45,750 --> 00:23:43,840
in space having two watches and people

632
00:23:48,149 --> 00:23:45,760
asking why do you have two in fact i had

633
00:23:50,710 --> 00:23:48,159
three on one here one here and one

634
00:23:53,029 --> 00:23:50,720
attached there because i needed to have

635
00:23:54,950 --> 00:23:53,039
to keep track of so many times what time

636
00:23:57,110 --> 00:23:54,960
is in italy what time is in the united

637
00:23:59,029 --> 00:23:57,120
states what time is on the space station

638
00:24:01,350 --> 00:23:59,039
and and they keep changing the time by

639
00:24:02,870 --> 00:24:01,360
the way so i would get totally confused

640
00:24:04,630 --> 00:24:02,880
the the watches like this are very

641
00:24:07,029 --> 00:24:04,640
confusing in space because you look and

642
00:24:08,789 --> 00:24:07,039
you don't know it's one o'clock

643
00:24:11,830 --> 00:24:08,799
during the day one o'clock during the

644
00:24:13,830 --> 00:24:11,840
night and it's very very confusing so so

645
00:24:15,669 --> 00:24:13,840
i'm still looking around i will bring up

646
00:24:17,750 --> 00:24:15,679
in space several watches this time just

647
00:24:20,870 --> 00:24:17,760
to to play with them i would like to

648
00:24:22,549 --> 00:24:20,880
have my own we even have some uh of

649
00:24:24,070 --> 00:24:22,559
course being the space station we cannot

650
00:24:27,110 --> 00:24:24,080
bring up whatever we want i would love

651
00:24:29,830 --> 00:24:27,120
to bring one of those uh modern watches

652
00:24:31,510 --> 00:24:29,840
where you have a link with the computer

653
00:24:33,909 --> 00:24:31,520
different type of batteries but there

654
00:24:36,149 --> 00:24:33,919
are all sorts of things of safety issues

655
00:24:36,870 --> 00:24:36,159
with that

656
00:24:38,870 --> 00:24:36,880
so

657
00:24:40,230 --> 00:24:38,880
i will experiment a little bit one of

658
00:24:43,029 --> 00:24:40,240
the things that i'm

659
00:24:45,830 --> 00:24:43,039
i'm having one watch personalize with my

660
00:24:48,390 --> 00:24:45,840
name at the end and i will i will bring

661
00:24:49,750 --> 00:24:48,400
up that one just to just to give it

662
00:24:55,830 --> 00:24:49,760
around and it's a secret but i should

663
00:25:00,549 --> 00:24:57,430
um

664
00:25:02,470 --> 00:25:00,559
russian cosmos also use omega

665
00:25:05,430 --> 00:25:02,480
watches and

666
00:25:07,269 --> 00:25:05,440
really i don't care they just

667
00:25:10,390 --> 00:25:07,279
need to work

668
00:25:12,870 --> 00:25:11,909
i like that

669
00:25:14,870 --> 00:25:12,880
all right

670
00:25:15,909 --> 00:25:14,880
okay and i think we have some special

671
00:25:17,110 --> 00:25:15,919
guests in the room that we're going to

672
00:25:20,149 --> 00:25:17,120
talk to um

673
00:25:21,669 --> 00:25:20,159
one of randy's particular interest in uh

674
00:25:23,510 --> 00:25:21,679
when he's on orbit is going to be i

675
00:25:26,630 --> 00:25:23,520
believe photography so we've invited

676
00:25:28,230 --> 00:25:26,640
some uh local photographers to come and

677
00:25:29,909 --> 00:25:28,240
ask questions if they had any and just

678
00:25:32,630 --> 00:25:29,919
another reminder

679
00:25:35,430 --> 00:25:32,640
that we are also taking questions via

680
00:25:36,950 --> 00:25:35,440
social media at ask nasa you can use the

681
00:25:38,230 --> 00:25:36,960
ask nasa on twitter and we'll take a

682
00:25:39,430 --> 00:25:38,240
look at those questions and try and get

683
00:25:40,390 --> 00:25:39,440
a few of them answered before the end of

684
00:25:41,990 --> 00:25:40,400
the day

685
00:25:45,909 --> 00:25:42,000
all right do we have any questions from

686
00:25:50,310 --> 00:25:48,310
hi my name is jamara kufi and i'm a

687
00:25:52,070 --> 00:25:50,320
hobbyist photographer

688
00:25:53,750 --> 00:25:52,080
i saw in a note that you've taken

689
00:25:55,750 --> 00:25:53,760
pictures all over the world and while

690
00:25:58,789 --> 00:25:55,760
you're on the space station you plan to

691
00:26:00,070 --> 00:25:58,799
photograph those areas from space

692
00:26:01,909 --> 00:26:00,080
when you match them up will you be

693
00:26:04,149 --> 00:26:01,919
sharing them on social media or putting

694
00:26:06,070 --> 00:26:04,159
together a book that we can see later

695
00:26:07,269 --> 00:26:06,080
how can we see when you match those

696
00:26:09,269 --> 00:26:07,279
pictures

697
00:26:12,070 --> 00:26:09,279
the intent and the hope of the project

698
00:26:14,549 --> 00:26:12,080
is to be able to send out the pictures

699
00:26:16,390 --> 00:26:14,559
together um you know over social media

700
00:26:18,390 --> 00:26:16,400
um

701
00:26:20,870 --> 00:26:18,400
the the genesis behind the project is

702
00:26:22,070 --> 00:26:20,880
i've been a you know photographer for my

703
00:26:23,350 --> 00:26:22,080
whole life my grandfather was a

704
00:26:24,789 --> 00:26:23,360
professional photographer so i kind of

705
00:26:27,110 --> 00:26:24,799
grew up with a camera in my hands and

706
00:26:29,909 --> 00:26:27,120
that was that was kind of a

707
00:26:32,789 --> 00:26:29,919
a normal thing for me as a kid you know

708
00:26:34,390 --> 00:26:32,799
it wasn't a bicycle or you know a

709
00:26:36,470 --> 00:26:34,400
baseball mid you know first i ever

710
00:26:38,390 --> 00:26:36,480
bought was a pentax emmy super and and

711
00:26:41,029 --> 00:26:38,400
you know i still got it today

712
00:26:42,230 --> 00:26:41,039
all right so we're dating ourselves

713
00:26:43,669 --> 00:26:42,240
and you know i still have it in all the

714
00:26:45,669 --> 00:26:43,679
lenses you know and that was that was

715
00:26:46,950 --> 00:26:45,679
just that was normal and so

716
00:26:48,549 --> 00:26:46,960
you know i've been very fortunate to be

717
00:26:50,870 --> 00:26:48,559
able to to travel and see the world and

718
00:26:51,990 --> 00:26:50,880
to be able to photograph its beauty and

719
00:26:54,230 --> 00:26:52,000
you know we always say that a picture's

720
00:26:55,830 --> 00:26:54,240
worth a thousand words and and

721
00:26:57,669 --> 00:26:55,840
we do that from space and we have these

722
00:26:59,909 --> 00:26:57,679
wonderful images but it's from our

723
00:27:00,870 --> 00:26:59,919
perspective in space only and people can

724
00:27:03,269 --> 00:27:00,880
see it

725
00:27:05,510 --> 00:27:03,279
but my hope is that by sending out a

726
00:27:07,029 --> 00:27:05,520
picture of of a place from space and

727
00:27:09,269 --> 00:27:07,039
picture from the you know from the

728
00:27:11,350 --> 00:27:09,279
ground as well you know taking with the

729
00:27:12,710 --> 00:27:11,360
same set of eyes that

730
00:27:14,310 --> 00:27:12,720
people will be able to that that are

731
00:27:15,909 --> 00:27:14,320
from that area will go hey i recognize

732
00:27:17,510 --> 00:27:15,919
that place and then they're able to see

733
00:27:18,710 --> 00:27:17,520
their place from space

734
00:27:20,470 --> 00:27:18,720
and then the people who are not from

735
00:27:21,430 --> 00:27:20,480
that place will look at it from space so

736
00:27:22,230 --> 00:27:21,440
that's beautiful and they're looking

737
00:27:23,350 --> 00:27:22,240
from the ground going wow that's

738
00:27:24,870 --> 00:27:23,360
beautiful and then maybe they'll want to

739
00:27:26,630 --> 00:27:24,880
go there and then make the world a

740
00:27:29,190 --> 00:27:26,640
little smaller of a place so that's

741
00:27:31,269 --> 00:27:29,200
that's the hope

742
00:27:33,350 --> 00:27:31,279
we'll share this again at the end of the

743
00:27:35,590 --> 00:27:33,360
of the hour but

744
00:27:37,789 --> 00:27:35,600
randy is on instagram and twitter and

745
00:27:41,350 --> 00:27:37,799
facebook all with the hashtag

746
00:27:43,269 --> 00:27:41,360
astrocomrad k-o-m-r-a-d-e

747
00:27:45,269 --> 00:27:43,279
so you can look for him there for those

748
00:27:46,950 --> 00:27:45,279
photos and i'm sure others and we've got

749
00:27:48,950 --> 00:27:46,960
some

750
00:27:51,430 --> 00:27:48,960
accounts for the uh rest the crew as

751
00:27:55,269 --> 00:27:51,440
well uh paulo's on twitter astro

752
00:27:58,310 --> 00:27:55,279
underscore paulo the p-a-o-l-o and uh

753
00:28:01,350 --> 00:27:58,320
sergey is at uh on twitter at

754
00:28:07,190 --> 00:28:01,360
ryzanski underscore iss and that is

755
00:28:10,789 --> 00:28:09,110
at iss for international space station

756
00:28:12,789 --> 00:28:10,799
we'll go over those again at the end but

757
00:28:14,470 --> 00:28:12,799
i think hopefully we'll be seeing lots

758
00:28:15,750 --> 00:28:14,480
from all of you on social media do you

759
00:28:16,870 --> 00:28:15,760
want to talk about any of your own

760
00:28:18,389 --> 00:28:16,880
personal

761
00:28:21,909 --> 00:28:18,399
pursuits or things you'll do for in your

762
00:28:24,470 --> 00:28:23,430
well i

763
00:28:29,990 --> 00:28:24,480
really

764
00:28:32,710 --> 00:28:30,000
like uh to make photos and

765
00:28:35,430 --> 00:28:32,720
from my previous mission i brought

766
00:28:37,590 --> 00:28:35,440
more than 65 000

767
00:28:39,190 --> 00:28:37,600
photos

768
00:28:41,130 --> 00:28:39,200
and

769
00:28:42,630 --> 00:28:41,140
just nowadays i'm working

770
00:28:46,789 --> 00:28:42,640
[Music]

771
00:28:48,630 --> 00:28:46,799
on a book uh with photos and stories

772
00:28:51,590 --> 00:28:48,640
um

773
00:28:53,750 --> 00:28:51,600
personally i prefer instagram because uh

774
00:28:56,149 --> 00:28:53,760
it's

775
00:28:58,510 --> 00:28:56,159
easier to share

776
00:28:59,830 --> 00:28:58,520
your visual um

777
00:29:02,230 --> 00:28:59,840
[Music]

778
00:29:03,269 --> 00:29:02,240
visual experience and with the small

779
00:29:05,029 --> 00:29:03,279
notes

780
00:29:06,870 --> 00:29:05,039
but

781
00:29:07,669 --> 00:29:06,880
now we have

782
00:29:14,630 --> 00:29:07,679
so

783
00:29:16,070 --> 00:29:14,640
channels um i will try to use

784
00:29:17,350 --> 00:29:16,080
most popular

785
00:29:18,710 --> 00:29:17,360
and

786
00:29:23,750 --> 00:29:18,720
by the way my

787
00:29:29,269 --> 00:29:27,510
sharing all this on social media and

788
00:29:30,789 --> 00:29:29,279
preparing the book

789
00:29:34,950 --> 00:29:30,799
it's really

790
00:29:37,190 --> 00:29:36,230
necessary

791
00:29:41,830 --> 00:29:37,200
to

792
00:29:44,149 --> 00:29:41,840
all these wonderful things that you can

793
00:29:45,990 --> 00:29:44,159
see from above

794
00:29:49,830 --> 00:29:46,000
and

795
00:29:54,549 --> 00:29:52,389
it's impossible even with the photos

796
00:29:55,990 --> 00:29:54,559
because it's much more

797
00:29:59,029 --> 00:29:56,000
beautiful or

798
00:30:02,870 --> 00:30:01,990
but still we should try we should try to

799
00:30:05,269 --> 00:30:02,880
share

800
00:30:07,110 --> 00:30:05,279
our experience with other

801
00:30:09,510 --> 00:30:07,120
people that

802
00:30:12,630 --> 00:30:09,520
maybe in future we'll have a chance also

803
00:30:15,590 --> 00:30:12,640
to fly and we'll have a dream to

804
00:30:19,269 --> 00:30:17,110
pal anything

805
00:30:21,430 --> 00:30:19,279
well we were talking about photography

806
00:30:24,630 --> 00:30:21,440
and photography was also one of my

807
00:30:26,230 --> 00:30:24,640
passions when i was uh still young and

808
00:30:29,190 --> 00:30:26,240
actually i would even say that if today

809
00:30:31,909 --> 00:30:29,200
i'm an astronaut probably i also to

810
00:30:33,830 --> 00:30:31,919
to having a camera and being in certain

811
00:30:36,710 --> 00:30:33,840
strange places at a certain strange

812
00:30:38,389 --> 00:30:36,720
times in any case i took quite some

813
00:30:40,149 --> 00:30:38,399
some pictures last time i was in space

814
00:30:42,630 --> 00:30:40,159
and i'm looking forward to be able to do

815
00:30:45,190 --> 00:30:42,640
it again i think the capability of

816
00:30:47,590 --> 00:30:45,200
seeing the earth and this special way

817
00:30:48,789 --> 00:30:47,600
when you're rotating around the earth

818
00:30:51,190 --> 00:30:48,799
and in an hour and a half you

819
00:30:53,669 --> 00:30:51,200
essentially go around it and and

820
00:30:55,430 --> 00:30:53,679
i always tell people if you have an hour

821
00:30:57,750 --> 00:30:55,440
an hour and a half today and you are

822
00:30:59,909 --> 00:30:57,760
here you can probably take the picture

823
00:31:02,389 --> 00:30:59,919
of the center around here with the sun

824
00:31:03,750 --> 00:31:02,399
at two o'clock in the afternoon but if

825
00:31:05,750 --> 00:31:03,760
you are on the space station you have an

826
00:31:08,389 --> 00:31:05,760
hour and a half and you go to the cupola

827
00:31:11,029 --> 00:31:08,399
you're actually seeing an eye then a day

828
00:31:14,070 --> 00:31:11,039
and four season and five continents and

829
00:31:16,070 --> 00:31:14,080
all the oceans so it's it's incredible

830
00:31:18,230 --> 00:31:16,080
and it becomes a different way of taking

831
00:31:20,070 --> 00:31:18,240
pictures you know it's like you see

832
00:31:21,830 --> 00:31:20,080
something and you better grab the camera

833
00:31:22,950 --> 00:31:21,840
and take the picture there because it's

834
00:31:25,029 --> 00:31:22,960
going to last

835
00:31:27,750 --> 00:31:25,039
that pictures like few seconds and then

836
00:31:29,269 --> 00:31:27,760
it's gone and it may repeat may not so

837
00:31:31,669 --> 00:31:29,279
it's a very good

838
00:31:33,509 --> 00:31:31,679
impressive capability that you get in

839
00:31:35,430 --> 00:31:33,519
space and it's one of the things that i

840
00:31:37,509 --> 00:31:35,440
think will make the

841
00:31:39,990 --> 00:31:37,519
the space travel

842
00:31:41,509 --> 00:31:40,000
appealing to tourists because uh because

843
00:31:43,990 --> 00:31:41,519
that's the only place where you can see

844
00:31:46,470 --> 00:31:44,000
the earth like that and and by the way

845
00:31:48,549 --> 00:31:46,480
this view in the earth with this way

846
00:31:51,669 --> 00:31:48,559
i personally think it eventually makes

847
00:31:53,430 --> 00:31:51,679
you a better terrestrial person so

848
00:31:56,389 --> 00:31:53,440
paradoxically you need to go outside of

849
00:31:59,509 --> 00:31:56,399
the earth to appreciate the earth in a

850
00:32:00,549 --> 00:31:59,519
in a new way so

851
00:32:02,149 --> 00:32:00,559
sure

852
00:32:03,669 --> 00:32:02,159
well give us just a minute to get the

853
00:32:05,830 --> 00:32:03,679
microphone back over here sounds like

854
00:32:07,590 --> 00:32:05,840
we've got lots of good photos to to look

855
00:32:09,509 --> 00:32:07,600
forward to on y'all's mission that'll be

856
00:32:11,430 --> 00:32:09,519
great and um for those of you who do

857
00:32:14,950 --> 00:32:11,440
follow nasa on social media i think we

858
00:32:17,830 --> 00:32:14,960
have a an instagram story going on today

859
00:32:19,190 --> 00:32:17,840
about uh photography from space and

860
00:32:20,149 --> 00:32:19,200
multiple different aspects of that

861
00:32:21,269 --> 00:32:20,159
that's really interesting that you

862
00:32:23,190 --> 00:32:21,279
should check out

863
00:32:24,789 --> 00:32:23,200
and uh let's go to this photo this

864
00:32:27,269 --> 00:32:24,799
question to follow up on the photos from

865
00:32:28,789 --> 00:32:27,279
space of course you you all carry much

866
00:32:31,990 --> 00:32:28,799
better instruments than the cameras and

867
00:32:33,990 --> 00:32:32,000
that's your own eyes but i've told i

868
00:32:35,509 --> 00:32:34,000
haven't seen myself yet but i've been

869
00:32:37,029 --> 00:32:35,519
told that there was actually an

870
00:32:38,789 --> 00:32:37,039
adjustment period

871
00:32:42,230 --> 00:32:38,799
on a flight in which

872
00:32:44,870 --> 00:32:42,240
after a number of hours of looking out

873
00:32:46,789 --> 00:32:44,880
your brain suddenly gets it and you see

874
00:32:49,350 --> 00:32:46,799
much more sharply you see him in three

875
00:32:51,430 --> 00:32:49,360
dimension can each you describe

876
00:32:53,990 --> 00:32:51,440
how that has happened to you with this

877
00:32:57,750 --> 00:32:54,000
adjustment period and how a tourist for

878
00:32:59,909 --> 00:32:57,760
example could short-circuit that process

879
00:33:01,830 --> 00:32:59,919
so that they could perhaps perhaps plan

880
00:33:04,230 --> 00:33:01,840
on the ground to practice in the ground

881
00:33:08,710 --> 00:33:04,240
to be ready to see space as soon as they

882
00:33:14,149 --> 00:33:11,750
what happened to me um

883
00:33:16,149 --> 00:33:14,159
is that you are in space and you know

884
00:33:17,590 --> 00:33:16,159
that you're so excited you are in space

885
00:33:19,750 --> 00:33:17,600
and i still remember the first time i

886
00:33:21,430 --> 00:33:19,760
flew on the shuttle i was downstairs so

887
00:33:23,750 --> 00:33:21,440
no window i was working working working

888
00:33:25,669 --> 00:33:23,760
working working four hours finally

889
00:33:27,669 --> 00:33:25,679
everything is ready and before going to

890
00:33:30,950 --> 00:33:27,679
bed i want to take a peek outside and i

891
00:33:32,710 --> 00:33:30,960
went up and i saw these huge blue things

892
00:33:34,870 --> 00:33:32,720
and that's it that's all i saw

893
00:33:37,350 --> 00:33:34,880
and then i said hmm interesting so next

894
00:33:39,190 --> 00:33:37,360
morning i will kappa go up blue thanks

895
00:33:41,830 --> 00:33:39,200
again so i

896
00:33:43,750 --> 00:33:41,840
before it i started synthetic it took

897
00:33:45,590 --> 00:33:43,760
quite some time and and it was

898
00:33:46,950 --> 00:33:45,600
incredible instead on the space station

899
00:33:49,029 --> 00:33:46,960
that the same thing happened and you

900
00:33:50,710 --> 00:33:49,039
look outside and you don't understand

901
00:33:53,669 --> 00:33:50,720
where you are it's difficult even to

902
00:33:56,470 --> 00:33:53,679
make out the the land from that and so

903
00:33:57,590 --> 00:33:56,480
but suddenly after a while for some

904
00:34:00,310 --> 00:33:57,600
reason

905
00:34:01,909 --> 00:34:00,320
you get this this click thing and and

906
00:34:03,269 --> 00:34:01,919
you know where you are

907
00:34:04,470 --> 00:34:03,279
you know it happened to me many times

908
00:34:06,630 --> 00:34:04,480
you just look out at the window and i

909
00:34:08,629 --> 00:34:06,640
know oh that's australia

910
00:34:10,149 --> 00:34:08,639
you know it and it takes takes several

911
00:34:12,389 --> 00:34:10,159
weeks by the way it takes like i would

912
00:34:14,069 --> 00:34:12,399
say a month before you or even more

913
00:34:15,510 --> 00:34:14,079
before you get to that point where you

914
00:34:17,829 --> 00:34:15,520
actually know where you are you just

915
00:34:20,470 --> 00:34:17,839
just take a pic quick pick in your over

916
00:34:23,349 --> 00:34:20,480
africa over europe and not only that

917
00:34:25,750 --> 00:34:23,359
you start processing your orbit and you

918
00:34:28,389 --> 00:34:25,760
know that if now you are over

919
00:34:29,750 --> 00:34:28,399
let's say africa in

920
00:34:30,710 --> 00:34:29,760
five minutes you're going to be over

921
00:34:32,710 --> 00:34:30,720
europe

922
00:34:35,109 --> 00:34:32,720
so if i want to take picture of italy

923
00:34:36,710 --> 00:34:35,119
which i'm pretty much interested on i

924
00:34:38,550 --> 00:34:36,720
better prepare

925
00:34:40,950 --> 00:34:38,560
so that so you get this this

926
00:34:43,909 --> 00:34:40,960
consciousness of where you are and how

927
00:34:45,990 --> 00:34:43,919
the orbit uh happens including the fact

928
00:34:47,589 --> 00:34:46,000
that you know you're going to be able to

929
00:34:49,190 --> 00:34:47,599
take certain things and you already

930
00:34:51,190 --> 00:34:49,200
tried but there were clouds so maybe

931
00:34:52,550 --> 00:34:51,200
this time no clouds or the sun what time

932
00:34:54,550 --> 00:34:52,560
of the day it is it's four o'clock in

933
00:34:56,550 --> 00:34:54,560
the afternoon it's going to be the sun

934
00:34:58,390 --> 00:34:56,560
in a certain angle and all of this kind

935
00:35:00,390 --> 00:34:58,400
of kind of come together at least that

936
00:35:03,030 --> 00:35:00,400
was my experience and and so if you look

937
00:35:05,030 --> 00:35:03,040
up if i look at my pictures that i took

938
00:35:06,470 --> 00:35:05,040
towards the end of the mission were

939
00:35:08,550 --> 00:35:06,480
completely different than the one that i

940
00:35:09,990 --> 00:35:08,560
took at the beginning uh because the

941
00:35:12,150 --> 00:35:10,000
beginning it looks like a you know i was

942
00:35:18,470 --> 00:35:12,160
just snapping stuff and didn't know what

943
00:35:24,390 --> 00:35:22,630
yeah but this is um this is because of

944
00:35:25,270 --> 00:35:24,400
your everyday

945
00:35:28,829 --> 00:35:25,280
work

946
00:35:34,790 --> 00:35:28,839
trying to

947
00:35:39,510 --> 00:35:36,790
really because we have some

948
00:35:43,430 --> 00:35:39,520
ecological

949
00:35:46,950 --> 00:35:43,440
science projects we are investigating

950
00:35:48,950 --> 00:35:46,960
rains tornadoes and some other

951
00:35:49,990 --> 00:35:48,960
things

952
00:35:52,150 --> 00:35:50,000
and it's

953
00:35:54,870 --> 00:35:52,160
really difficult

954
00:35:56,470 --> 00:35:54,880
from the beginning to

955
00:35:59,430 --> 00:35:56,480
understand

956
00:36:00,470 --> 00:35:59,440
where is everything but training your

957
00:36:05,829 --> 00:36:00,480
eye

958
00:36:05,839 --> 00:36:14,150
maybe a couple couple weeks yeah

959
00:36:20,630 --> 00:36:17,030
well um every

960
00:36:22,310 --> 00:36:20,640
moment free free time you have you're

961
00:36:23,750 --> 00:36:22,320
looking outside

962
00:36:25,589 --> 00:36:23,760
yeah i think it would be

963
00:36:28,550 --> 00:36:25,599
difficult for a tourist that goes up for

964
00:36:29,430 --> 00:36:28,560
a day or two to to actually get this

965
00:36:31,030 --> 00:36:29,440
this

966
00:36:33,670 --> 00:36:31,040
um

967
00:36:36,150 --> 00:36:33,680
but it's also different because you know

968
00:36:37,910 --> 00:36:36,160
our primary my primary task is not to go

969
00:36:40,470 --> 00:36:37,920
out go up there and look out of the

970
00:36:42,310 --> 00:36:40,480
window and see what's going on or

971
00:36:44,150 --> 00:36:42,320
so i'm concentrating on something else

972
00:36:45,670 --> 00:36:44,160
and i think if if i would fly as a

973
00:36:48,069 --> 00:36:45,680
tourist by the way i'm looking forward

974
00:36:49,430 --> 00:36:48,079
to fly as a tourist you know everybody

975
00:36:51,910 --> 00:36:49,440
says oh this is going to be your last

976
00:36:54,390 --> 00:36:51,920
flight and i say who said that you know

977
00:36:56,069 --> 00:36:54,400
in in 20 years maybe i've got enough

978
00:36:58,230 --> 00:36:56,079
money and i still have enough health

979
00:37:00,870 --> 00:36:58,240
that i could fly in space this time as a

980
00:37:02,950 --> 00:37:00,880
tourist and um

981
00:37:04,150 --> 00:37:02,960
i would i would make people concentrate

982
00:37:06,550 --> 00:37:04,160
on what they want to see you know

983
00:37:08,390 --> 00:37:06,560
understanding this orbit things you can

984
00:37:12,870 --> 00:37:08,400
you can understand what comes before you

985
00:37:14,790 --> 00:37:12,880
can practice with the with a map uh you

986
00:37:17,990 --> 00:37:14,800
i mean you can do a few things to to

987
00:37:19,109 --> 00:37:18,000
accelerate this process of acquiring

988
00:37:21,349 --> 00:37:19,119
this uh

989
00:37:23,270 --> 00:37:21,359
there's this understanding

990
00:37:25,109 --> 00:37:23,280
i think though

991
00:37:27,030 --> 00:37:25,119
you know it would probably take some

992
00:37:28,550 --> 00:37:27,040
time so

993
00:37:31,829 --> 00:37:28,560
i you know was there for an eleven day

994
00:37:34,390 --> 00:37:31,839
mission so i didn't have a you know aha

995
00:37:35,510 --> 00:37:34,400
moment um where things suddenly click so

996
00:37:37,430 --> 00:37:35,520
you know i was only up there for that

997
00:37:39,510 --> 00:37:37,440
long for me it wasn't such a visual

998
00:37:42,390 --> 00:37:39,520
acuity change it was the

999
00:37:45,270 --> 00:37:42,400
um just the mental grasping where you

1000
00:37:46,790 --> 00:37:45,280
are i mean to get up there on orbit and

1001
00:37:48,069 --> 00:37:46,800
have the main engines cut off things

1002
00:37:49,750 --> 00:37:48,079
start floating and all of a sudden you

1003
00:37:51,750 --> 00:37:49,760
can see the curvature of the earth you

1004
00:37:53,829 --> 00:37:51,760
know and the whole horizon well as you

1005
00:37:55,750 --> 00:37:53,839
see me do this in the picture your mind

1006
00:37:57,270 --> 00:37:55,760
can exactly extrapolate what the rest of

1007
00:37:58,550 --> 00:37:57,280
that circle is

1008
00:38:00,950 --> 00:37:58,560
and all of a sudden for the first time

1009
00:38:02,470 --> 00:38:00,960
in your life the earth is very finite

1010
00:38:05,510 --> 00:38:02,480
and it is just out here in front of you

1011
00:38:07,270 --> 00:38:05,520
and it's only this big and every human

1012
00:38:08,710 --> 00:38:07,280
that's ever lived

1013
00:38:09,990 --> 00:38:08,720
throughout human history and every

1014
00:38:11,270 --> 00:38:10,000
experience you've ever had your entire

1015
00:38:12,950 --> 00:38:11,280
life is happening on this little thing

1016
00:38:15,430 --> 00:38:12,960
that's only this big in front of you and

1017
00:38:18,230 --> 00:38:15,440
you're going around every 90 minutes

1018
00:38:20,710 --> 00:38:18,240
that you know humbling and and just

1019
00:38:22,230 --> 00:38:20,720
visually amazing things is what i think

1020
00:38:23,829 --> 00:38:22,240
is you know one of the biggest things to

1021
00:38:25,589 --> 00:38:23,839
grasp when when church first get up

1022
00:38:27,910 --> 00:38:25,599
there for that first impression

1023
00:38:30,150 --> 00:38:27,920
um i think being familiar

1024
00:38:32,230 --> 00:38:30,160
with the earth before you go is is the

1025
00:38:33,990 --> 00:38:32,240
thing that would make it easiest um on

1026
00:38:35,270 --> 00:38:34,000
our last eva bobby satcher and i were

1027
00:38:37,349 --> 00:38:35,280
coming inside and coming down the seat

1028
00:38:39,270 --> 00:38:37,359
of spur connecting the truss back to the

1029
00:38:40,710 --> 00:38:39,280
airlock and it's just basically a

1030
00:38:42,150 --> 00:38:40,720
handrail like you see the truss up up in

1031
00:38:43,829 --> 00:38:42,160
this room where you're maneuvering down

1032
00:38:47,349 --> 00:38:43,839
there's nothing underneath you as you're

1033
00:38:49,430 --> 00:38:47,359
crossing the gap between the segments

1034
00:38:51,270 --> 00:38:49,440
yeah 200 you know 20 to 250 miles below

1035
00:38:52,790 --> 00:38:51,280
you and we're coming down we just have

1036
00:38:56,069 --> 00:38:52,800
to be going right over the south island

1037
00:38:57,670 --> 00:38:56,079
of new zealand i can look down and uh

1038
00:39:00,230 --> 00:38:57,680
mission control heard me say hey bobby

1039
00:39:01,910 --> 00:39:00,240
there's the franz joseph glacier and i

1040
00:39:04,069 --> 00:39:01,920
get back later and they're like how did

1041
00:39:05,589 --> 00:39:04,079
you know that you know i mean

1042
00:39:07,829 --> 00:39:05,599
well my wife and i had been there you

1043
00:39:08,950 --> 00:39:07,839
know a couple years prior and so we had

1044
00:39:10,470 --> 00:39:08,960
seen that and that'll be one of the

1045
00:39:11,670 --> 00:39:10,480
pictures i'll also if i can get that

1046
00:39:12,710 --> 00:39:11,680
picture from space i'll send out the

1047
00:39:15,589 --> 00:39:12,720
picture from the ground with it so

1048
00:39:17,030 --> 00:39:15,599
people can see that and you know

1049
00:39:18,310 --> 00:39:17,040
people in metro control like these

1050
00:39:21,190 --> 00:39:18,320
astronauts know everything no i just

1051
00:39:22,470 --> 00:39:21,200
happened to have been there

1052
00:39:23,430 --> 00:39:22,480
all right i think we have a question

1053
00:39:25,349 --> 00:39:23,440
back here and then we're gonna go back

1054
00:39:27,190 --> 00:39:25,359
to the phone bridge briefly hi um i'm

1055
00:39:29,910 --> 00:39:27,200
leslie with houston

1056
00:39:31,589 --> 00:39:29,920
photographic society and i actually have

1057
00:39:34,230 --> 00:39:31,599
two questions one the first one is for

1058
00:39:35,670 --> 00:39:34,240
randy and then the next one would be for

1059
00:39:38,950 --> 00:39:35,680
all three but

1060
00:39:40,710 --> 00:39:38,960
um going back you know you're a cave nod

1061
00:39:43,829 --> 00:39:40,720
aqua now then

1062
00:39:46,630 --> 00:39:43,839
astronaut on space station um

1063
00:39:47,430 --> 00:39:46,640
i was i was wondering um

1064
00:39:49,750 --> 00:39:47,440
what

1065
00:39:51,589 --> 00:39:49,760
were the parallels with each of those

1066
00:39:53,750 --> 00:39:51,599
experiences i we touched on the

1067
00:39:56,470 --> 00:39:53,760
differences earlier but

1068
00:39:59,109 --> 00:39:56,480
were there any parallels in living in an

1069
00:40:01,190 --> 00:39:59,119
environment like that for an extended

1070
00:40:04,150 --> 00:40:01,200
period of time or something that

1071
00:40:05,510 --> 00:40:04,160
surprised you that you didn't think

1072
00:40:07,270 --> 00:40:05,520
ever think about

1073
00:40:08,390 --> 00:40:07,280
but except when you were going through

1074
00:40:11,670 --> 00:40:08,400
those

1075
00:40:14,630 --> 00:40:12,830
i think um

1076
00:40:16,630 --> 00:40:14,640
[Music]

1077
00:40:17,990 --> 00:40:16,640
it wasn't said by me someone else uh

1078
00:40:19,589 --> 00:40:18,000
said this before you know the first day

1079
00:40:20,870 --> 00:40:19,599
in space you're looking for your for

1080
00:40:22,630 --> 00:40:20,880
your hometown

1081
00:40:23,750 --> 00:40:22,640
and then by the second day of space

1082
00:40:25,670 --> 00:40:23,760
you're just looking you know for your

1083
00:40:28,069 --> 00:40:25,680
home country and by the third day you're

1084
00:40:30,230 --> 00:40:28,079
looking at earth spaceship earth as a

1085
00:40:31,750 --> 00:40:30,240
human being and you're looking at it

1086
00:40:33,270 --> 00:40:31,760
globally

1087
00:40:36,069 --> 00:40:33,280
and

1088
00:40:38,069 --> 00:40:36,079
humans we share experiences you know by

1089
00:40:39,270 --> 00:40:38,079
just us talking to you guys we're able

1090
00:40:40,470 --> 00:40:39,280
to share the experience that we were

1091
00:40:42,790 --> 00:40:40,480
fortunate enough to see in space we've

1092
00:40:44,390 --> 00:40:42,800
only had 550 something humans ever ever

1093
00:40:45,990 --> 00:40:44,400
go to space

1094
00:40:48,710 --> 00:40:46,000
and you know now being married and

1095
00:40:50,470 --> 00:40:48,720
having kids when i do stuff i feel like

1096
00:40:52,550 --> 00:40:50,480
it doesn't exist unless i can share it

1097
00:40:54,150 --> 00:40:52,560
with them you know and that's i think a

1098
00:40:56,150 --> 00:40:54,160
lot of us feel that that time that's i

1099
00:40:57,589 --> 00:40:56,160
think social media is such a draw to

1100
00:40:59,670 --> 00:40:57,599
people these days because you're able to

1101
00:41:01,589 --> 00:40:59,680
share your experiences with them

1102
00:41:03,589 --> 00:41:01,599
and the parallel i think for for all

1103
00:41:06,790 --> 00:41:03,599
three of the cave the underwater and the

1104
00:41:08,069 --> 00:41:06,800
orbit was just the absolute beauty of

1105
00:41:10,230 --> 00:41:08,079
the earth

1106
00:41:11,750 --> 00:41:10,240
and you want to take the picture because

1107
00:41:13,510 --> 00:41:11,760
you see that with your mind's eye and

1108
00:41:16,069 --> 00:41:13,520
you want to at least try and share it in

1109
00:41:17,589 --> 00:41:16,079
some manner you know even if it's just a

1110
00:41:20,470 --> 00:41:17,599
two-dimensional thing that's only this

1111
00:41:23,510 --> 00:41:20,480
big to show people what that beauty is

1112
00:41:25,430 --> 00:41:23,520
um i've done a presentation at schools

1113
00:41:27,030 --> 00:41:25,440
and with other

1114
00:41:29,190 --> 00:41:27,040
groups of people where i take a picture

1115
00:41:31,190 --> 00:41:29,200
from space from underwater in the cave

1116
00:41:32,870 --> 00:41:31,200
and show you how water looks so

1117
00:41:34,950 --> 00:41:32,880
absolutely mesmerizing and beautiful in

1118
00:41:36,470 --> 00:41:34,960
the blue of waters in all three of those

1119
00:41:38,870 --> 00:41:36,480
different areas even though they're

1120
00:41:40,710 --> 00:41:38,880
completely extremely different

1121
00:41:42,230 --> 00:41:40,720
the beauty is still is still the same

1122
00:41:44,870 --> 00:41:42,240
and just as is wonderful and something

1123
00:41:47,349 --> 00:41:44,880
you want to share with people

1124
00:41:50,390 --> 00:41:47,359
uh the next question for

1125
00:41:52,309 --> 00:41:50,400
any or all was

1126
00:41:54,309 --> 00:41:52,319
what are the noticeable differences

1127
00:41:57,910 --> 00:41:54,319
perhaps with

1128
00:41:59,510 --> 00:41:57,920
training now uh for going to the space

1129
00:42:01,109 --> 00:41:59,520
station as opposed to when you've

1130
00:42:02,309 --> 00:42:01,119
previously trained

1131
00:42:03,750 --> 00:42:02,319
and

1132
00:42:06,069 --> 00:42:03,760
what are

1133
00:42:09,670 --> 00:42:06,079
i would think some of the improvements

1134
00:42:19,349 --> 00:42:09,680
that have been made over the years that

1135
00:42:25,990 --> 00:42:22,870
i think one of the major uh changes uh

1136
00:42:27,910 --> 00:42:26,000
is the fact that uh uh especially here

1137
00:42:32,069 --> 00:42:27,920
at nasa they used to plan shuttle

1138
00:42:33,510 --> 00:42:32,079
missions uh which were very condensed

1139
00:42:36,309 --> 00:42:33,520
incredibly

1140
00:42:41,270 --> 00:42:38,630
series of activities and had to be

1141
00:42:42,230 --> 00:42:41,280
planned minute by minute and required a

1142
00:42:44,710 --> 00:42:42,240
high

1143
00:42:47,109 --> 00:42:44,720
coordination in fact uh we used to

1144
00:42:48,870 --> 00:42:47,119
measure it down by met mission elapsed

1145
00:42:49,910 --> 00:42:48,880
time and that was the timeline you look

1146
00:42:52,309 --> 00:42:49,920
how long

1147
00:42:54,950 --> 00:42:52,319
uh how how far you have launched and

1148
00:42:57,510 --> 00:42:54,960
what you're supposed to do let's say 15

1149
00:42:59,670 --> 00:42:57,520
hours after you launched and they

1150
00:43:01,030 --> 00:42:59,680
started planning the the space station

1151
00:43:03,109 --> 00:43:01,040
mission in this way and then they

1152
00:43:04,950 --> 00:43:03,119
realized that this doesn't work because

1153
00:43:06,790 --> 00:43:04,960
they're always something that happens

1154
00:43:09,109 --> 00:43:06,800
and and we used to be training the

1155
00:43:11,910 --> 00:43:09,119
shuttle in that way you try you train

1156
00:43:14,630 --> 00:43:11,920
every single minute of what is happening

1157
00:43:16,550 --> 00:43:14,640
uh we started the space station training

1158
00:43:19,589 --> 00:43:16,560
in that way and it turns out that you

1159
00:43:21,589 --> 00:43:19,599
need to train like for 15 years and and

1160
00:43:24,150 --> 00:43:21,599
then you still don't know because things

1161
00:43:27,190 --> 00:43:24,160
are changing so we went away from this

1162
00:43:29,270 --> 00:43:27,200
kind of training to the

1163
00:43:33,589 --> 00:43:29,280
task

1164
00:43:35,750 --> 00:43:33,599
skills-based uh skills-based training

1165
00:43:37,589 --> 00:43:35,760
where where you you train to operate

1166
00:43:38,710 --> 00:43:37,599
with a certain piece of equipment

1167
00:43:40,309 --> 00:43:38,720
nothing is

1168
00:43:41,990 --> 00:43:40,319
not necessarily what you're going to do

1169
00:43:45,030 --> 00:43:42,000
but a certain piece of equipment you

1170
00:43:47,829 --> 00:43:45,040
train to operate in general uh doing uh

1171
00:43:49,270 --> 00:43:47,839
science experiments in biology or or or

1172
00:43:50,550 --> 00:43:49,280
anything

1173
00:43:52,470 --> 00:43:50,560
and then

1174
00:43:54,470 --> 00:43:52,480
toward the the

1175
00:43:56,550 --> 00:43:54,480
last part of your training you you see

1176
00:43:58,230 --> 00:43:56,560
specifically what you're going to do but

1177
00:43:59,990 --> 00:43:58,240
you're not focusing totally on that

1178
00:44:01,510 --> 00:44:00,000
you're focusing on being able to do a

1179
00:44:03,349 --> 00:44:01,520
lot of things there

1180
00:44:05,270 --> 00:44:03,359
uh i think this is the first the first

1181
00:44:07,589 --> 00:44:05,280
thing the second one that i would say is

1182
00:44:09,750 --> 00:44:07,599
that we look a little bit more now about

1183
00:44:12,069 --> 00:44:09,760
the composition of the crew make sure

1184
00:44:14,390 --> 00:44:12,079
that the crew works uh is able to work

1185
00:44:16,390 --> 00:44:14,400
together because again you're not alone

1186
00:44:18,390 --> 00:44:16,400
up in in space you are an isolated and

1187
00:44:20,230 --> 00:44:18,400
combined confined environment it's not

1188
00:44:22,470 --> 00:44:20,240
that i can get away from these guys up

1189
00:44:24,069 --> 00:44:22,480
there for six months

1190
00:44:26,630 --> 00:44:24,079
so we better

1191
00:44:28,630 --> 00:44:26,640
be very comfortable with each other and

1192
00:44:31,030 --> 00:44:28,640
have an environment that make us work

1193
00:44:33,430 --> 00:44:31,040
together including by the way the ground

1194
00:44:36,150 --> 00:44:33,440
team which in a certain way it's even

1195
00:44:38,710 --> 00:44:36,160
it's extremely important to make this

1196
00:44:41,510 --> 00:44:38,720
success of a mission and this uh this

1197
00:44:43,829 --> 00:44:41,520
this capabilities this awareness i think

1198
00:44:47,990 --> 00:44:43,839
is much more present now than it was uh

1199
00:44:51,510 --> 00:44:50,069
i think another thing to add to that you

1200
00:44:55,190 --> 00:44:51,520
know

1201
00:44:57,430 --> 00:44:55,200
with our russian partners on the soyuz

1202
00:44:58,870 --> 00:44:57,440
and so you know this time from my

1203
00:45:00,150 --> 00:44:58,880
previous flight i'm sixty percent of my

1204
00:45:01,510 --> 00:45:00,160
time during the past year and a half has

1205
00:45:03,589 --> 00:45:01,520
been in russia you know training for

1206
00:45:05,829 --> 00:45:03,599
that that soyuz uh soyuz flight and on

1207
00:45:07,430 --> 00:45:05,839
the russian segment um

1208
00:45:09,829 --> 00:45:07,440
and you know from speaking from the

1209
00:45:10,870 --> 00:45:09,839
early you know expeditions you know with

1210
00:45:13,270 --> 00:45:10,880
uh

1211
00:45:14,790 --> 00:45:13,280
expedition one you know 16 years ago and

1212
00:45:17,109 --> 00:45:14,800
all the time they spent training

1213
00:45:19,190 --> 00:45:17,119
technology has allowed us while we're in

1214
00:45:21,510 --> 00:45:19,200
training to be a lot more connected to

1215
00:45:23,510 --> 00:45:21,520
back home uh with your family you know

1216
00:45:25,430 --> 00:45:23,520
where you whether it's just simply email

1217
00:45:27,910 --> 00:45:25,440
or phone calls or the fact that you've

1218
00:45:29,670 --> 00:45:27,920
got now things like skype uh and

1219
00:45:31,190 --> 00:45:29,680
facetime we're actually visually able to

1220
00:45:33,270 --> 00:45:31,200
see your and be much more connected well

1221
00:45:36,230 --> 00:45:33,280
those things on space as well also help

1222
00:45:39,109 --> 00:45:36,240
you feel much less isolated and so the

1223
00:45:41,270 --> 00:45:39,119
the the uh the training is different

1224
00:45:43,430 --> 00:45:41,280
but yet we have really allowed people to

1225
00:45:45,190 --> 00:45:43,440
be a lot more connected to what anchors

1226
00:45:46,950 --> 00:45:45,200
them and what's important to them while

1227
00:45:49,030 --> 00:45:46,960
they're doing it whether that be in

1228
00:45:51,109 --> 00:45:49,040
training or in space which is going to

1229
00:45:53,750 --> 00:45:51,119
be a huge part of when we start going

1230
00:45:54,950 --> 00:45:53,760
beyond low earth orbit and outside the

1231
00:45:56,309 --> 00:45:54,960
point where when we look back to the

1232
00:45:58,470 --> 00:45:56,319
earth it not only doesn't fit under our

1233
00:46:01,030 --> 00:45:58,480
thumb earth is just a star that we see

1234
00:46:02,870 --> 00:46:01,040
in the sky as we get closer to mars and

1235
00:46:04,630 --> 00:46:02,880
you or suddenly are not seeing that

1236
00:46:06,470 --> 00:46:04,640
beautiful spaceship earth that

1237
00:46:07,990 --> 00:46:06,480
everything you know is on and love you

1238
00:46:09,430 --> 00:46:08,000
know is there

1239
00:46:10,950 --> 00:46:09,440
and how we're going to psychologically

1240
00:46:12,550 --> 00:46:10,960
deal with that and keep our crew members

1241
00:46:15,910 --> 00:46:12,560
grounded and connected you know with

1242
00:46:18,790 --> 00:46:17,190
okay we're going to go back to the phone

1243
00:46:20,150 --> 00:46:18,800
bridge and then uh we'll come and take

1244
00:46:21,430 --> 00:46:20,160
some social media questions so be sure

1245
00:46:24,230 --> 00:46:21,440
and send your questions in using the

1246
00:46:29,670 --> 00:46:24,240
hashtag ask nasa but for now let's hear

1247
00:46:33,829 --> 00:46:31,109
hi this is hanukkah whitering with

1248
00:46:35,990 --> 00:46:33,839
space.com my question is mainly for

1249
00:46:37,589 --> 00:46:36,000
sergey but randy and paulo are welcome

1250
00:46:39,190 --> 00:46:37,599
to answer as well

1251
00:46:40,870 --> 00:46:39,200
so what are some of the scientific

1252
00:46:42,550 --> 00:46:40,880
research projects that you are looking

1253
00:46:45,589 --> 00:46:42,560
forward to working on at the space

1254
00:46:47,270 --> 00:46:45,599
station and will any of that work relate

1255
00:46:51,349 --> 00:46:47,280
to some of the research you've done

1256
00:46:51,359 --> 00:46:54,069
um

1257
00:47:00,230 --> 00:46:57,270
during our mission we will have uh

1258
00:47:03,430 --> 00:47:00,240
lots of different science projects

1259
00:47:06,069 --> 00:47:04,790
they are

1260
00:47:07,829 --> 00:47:06,079
um

1261
00:47:09,910 --> 00:47:07,839
they're equal for

1262
00:47:12,470 --> 00:47:09,920
uh each of us so

1263
00:47:16,630 --> 00:47:12,480
my background is biology but i will have

1264
00:47:19,589 --> 00:47:16,640
some experiments in physics in

1265
00:47:24,710 --> 00:47:20,470
but

1266
00:47:26,950 --> 00:47:24,720
of course i'm mostly interested in

1267
00:47:28,230 --> 00:47:26,960
biology and medicine

1268
00:47:30,630 --> 00:47:28,240
so

1269
00:47:32,630 --> 00:47:30,640
hopefully we will have

1270
00:47:36,069 --> 00:47:32,640
experiment circle lab

1271
00:47:39,510 --> 00:47:37,109
joint

1272
00:47:40,630 --> 00:47:39,520
experiment with our european colleagues

1273
00:47:43,430 --> 00:47:40,640
and

1274
00:47:49,750 --> 00:47:47,109
that's really close to that

1275
00:47:53,270 --> 00:47:49,760
question of muscle physiology that i was

1276
00:47:55,349 --> 00:47:53,280
researching during my phd work so

1277
00:47:56,790 --> 00:47:55,359
looking forward to

1278
00:47:57,670 --> 00:47:56,800
working

1279
00:48:00,950 --> 00:47:57,680
with

1280
00:48:04,309 --> 00:48:00,960
paolo as the subject and

1281
00:48:07,349 --> 00:48:06,150
also we have um

1282
00:48:09,349 --> 00:48:07,359
several

1283
00:48:11,190 --> 00:48:09,359
such type

1284
00:48:13,910 --> 00:48:11,200
of experiments

1285
00:48:17,430 --> 00:48:13,920
on russian side so i will be

1286
00:48:21,030 --> 00:48:17,440
uh working on them also so

1287
00:48:22,470 --> 00:48:21,040
but but still our science program is uh

1288
00:48:26,309 --> 00:48:22,480
really

1289
00:48:28,069 --> 00:48:26,319
different and i think interesting

1290
00:48:29,829 --> 00:48:28,079
and the neat part about what the science

1291
00:48:31,510 --> 00:48:29,839
is going on on the space station you

1292
00:48:33,109 --> 00:48:31,520
know we've been up there for 16 years

1293
00:48:34,950 --> 00:48:33,119
continuously man on the space station

1294
00:48:36,309 --> 00:48:34,960
over you know 2 300

1295
00:48:37,910 --> 00:48:36,319
you know

1296
00:48:39,670 --> 00:48:37,920
experiments and things that have gone on

1297
00:48:41,510 --> 00:48:39,680
during that time frame and it doesn't

1298
00:48:43,109 --> 00:48:41,520
matter what crew is up there or what

1299
00:48:45,430 --> 00:48:43,119
crews in training the science keeps

1300
00:48:46,790 --> 00:48:45,440
going and our launch dates may change

1301
00:48:49,190 --> 00:48:46,800
and people may shift and all that kind

1302
00:48:49,990 --> 00:48:49,200
of stuff but the science keeps going and

1303
00:48:52,230 --> 00:48:50,000
so

1304
00:48:54,150 --> 00:48:52,240
while ideally you know you're a little

1305
00:48:55,990 --> 00:48:54,160
more scheduled or a little more settled

1306
00:48:57,589 --> 00:48:56,000
on the schedule and you have a more

1307
00:48:58,710 --> 00:48:57,599
specific idea of the experience we've

1308
00:48:59,829 --> 00:48:58,720
moved around a little bit so we're still

1309
00:49:01,910 --> 00:48:59,839
kind of waiting to see where the dust

1310
00:49:03,030 --> 00:49:01,920
settles and what exactly you know we'll

1311
00:49:05,349 --> 00:49:03,040
be up there in the timeframe that we're

1312
00:49:06,950 --> 00:49:05,359
there but we've been trained and and you

1313
00:49:09,109 --> 00:49:06,960
know we're prepared to execute whatever

1314
00:49:11,990 --> 00:49:09,119
the the science experiments are um that

1315
00:49:13,109 --> 00:49:12,000
are up there uh in our time frame

1316
00:49:14,950 --> 00:49:13,119
okay

1317
00:49:17,109 --> 00:49:14,960
all right well hopefully uh my colleague

1318
00:49:19,190 --> 00:49:17,119
here haley fick has some questions here

1319
00:49:20,470 --> 00:49:19,200
from social media yeah um so we've heard

1320
00:49:22,549 --> 00:49:20,480
from all of you about how you plan to

1321
00:49:25,829 --> 00:49:22,559
use social media we have a question from

1322
00:49:27,829 --> 00:49:25,839
gavin morrow on twitter and he asks mr

1323
00:49:29,510 --> 00:49:27,839
bresnik how did you pick your twitter

1324
00:49:30,870 --> 00:49:29,520
handle i'm guessing there is a story

1325
00:49:34,309 --> 00:49:30,880
there

1326
00:49:36,309 --> 00:49:34,319
um the uh comrade is it was my uh

1327
00:49:37,910 --> 00:49:36,319
fighter pilot call sign from

1328
00:49:39,829 --> 00:49:37,920
back in the early 90s when i started

1329
00:49:41,829 --> 00:49:39,839
flying f-18s typically you get a call

1330
00:49:43,430 --> 00:49:41,839
sign you know from either somebody with

1331
00:49:45,270 --> 00:49:43,440
your name or something you've done

1332
00:49:47,349 --> 00:49:45,280
stupid you know that's just

1333
00:49:48,390 --> 00:49:47,359
there's a guy who who held the brakes

1334
00:49:50,069 --> 00:49:48,400
while he's on the catapult on the

1335
00:49:51,750 --> 00:49:50,079
aircraft carrier and so as soon as the

1336
00:49:54,790 --> 00:49:51,760
catapult launched it blew both his tires

1337
00:49:56,470 --> 00:49:54,800
he got a call sign bam bam so

1338
00:49:58,950 --> 00:49:56,480
mine i didn't do anything stupid enough

1339
00:50:00,710 --> 00:49:58,960
and so when i got to the uh start f-18s

1340
00:50:01,829 --> 00:50:00,720
they said bresnik

1341
00:50:04,470 --> 00:50:01,839
and then some

1342
00:50:06,150 --> 00:50:04,480
you know more experienced guy said hey

1343
00:50:08,150 --> 00:50:06,160
bresnik that sounds like brezhnev

1344
00:50:09,829 --> 00:50:08,160
comrade brezhnev okay all right

1345
00:50:11,430 --> 00:50:09,839
that's it you're a comrade and then

1346
00:50:12,710 --> 00:50:11,440
fortunately the next 25 years of flying

1347
00:50:15,589 --> 00:50:12,720
i didn't do something stupid to get a

1348
00:50:17,270 --> 00:50:15,599
new one so um that's kind of stuck and

1349
00:50:19,750 --> 00:50:17,280
it's it's it's strange coming here to

1350
00:50:21,190 --> 00:50:19,760
nasa where it's not the military

1351
00:50:23,030 --> 00:50:21,200
um you know i first got here people

1352
00:50:24,710 --> 00:50:23,040
would you know call out hey randy and

1353
00:50:25,990 --> 00:50:24,720
i'd be looking around because for you

1354
00:50:28,069 --> 00:50:26,000
know a decade and a half everybody's

1355
00:50:30,069 --> 00:50:28,079
calling me comrade it's also fun when i

1356
00:50:32,630 --> 00:50:30,079
first got to space station you know my

1357
00:50:34,470 --> 00:50:32,640
crewmates you know on scs-129 here all

1358
00:50:36,390 --> 00:50:34,480
were calling me comrade and and a few of

1359
00:50:37,589 --> 00:50:36,400
them had their own call signs and we got

1360
00:50:39,270 --> 00:50:37,599
on the space station and i've got max

1361
00:50:40,390 --> 00:50:39,280
suryav and roman romanenko and they're

1362
00:50:41,670 --> 00:50:40,400
floating around

1363
00:50:43,430 --> 00:50:41,680
and you know hear one of them i go hey

1364
00:50:46,390 --> 00:50:43,440
comrade and you see them turn their

1365
00:50:50,069 --> 00:50:48,150
that's a great story so you've touched

1366
00:50:53,510 --> 00:50:50,079
on staying connected with your family

1367
00:50:55,270 --> 00:50:53,520
but this user andrew malaro on twitter

1368
00:50:57,270 --> 00:50:55,280
wants to know do do any of the

1369
00:50:59,990 --> 00:50:57,280
astronauts have pets and can they talk

1370
00:51:02,150 --> 00:51:00,000
to them on the webcam as well

1371
00:51:05,670 --> 00:51:02,160
pets

1372
00:51:07,030 --> 00:51:05,680
um we we have a dog named stormy she's a

1373
00:51:10,390 --> 00:51:07,040
nine-year-old

1374
00:51:12,150 --> 00:51:10,400
mini sharpay blue sharpie um we've tried

1375
00:51:13,990 --> 00:51:12,160
it we know i'd be in russia via facetime

1376
00:51:14,790 --> 00:51:14,000
and skype on with the kids

1377
00:51:16,549 --> 00:51:14,800
she doesn't get the whole

1378
00:51:18,549 --> 00:51:16,559
two-dimensional thing she hears the

1379
00:51:20,150 --> 00:51:18,559
sound you see her looking around but she

1380
00:51:21,190 --> 00:51:20,160
doesn't come up and look into the thing

1381
00:51:23,430 --> 00:51:21,200
you know kind of like doesn't get the

1382
00:51:25,670 --> 00:51:23,440
whole tv thing i have seen dogs that do

1383
00:51:27,190 --> 00:51:25,680
get it but she's not one of them

1384
00:51:29,589 --> 00:51:27,200
so i'll be able to see her but she won't

1385
00:51:31,990 --> 00:51:29,599
probably participate on that we we do

1386
00:51:33,829 --> 00:51:32,000
have fish so a couple of fish so it's

1387
00:51:35,510 --> 00:51:33,839
kind of going to be difficult to talk to

1388
00:51:37,829 --> 00:51:35,520
them but i guess i will have already my

1389
00:51:39,589 --> 00:51:37,839
hands full and trying to talk to my kids

1390
00:51:41,670 --> 00:51:39,599
uh which you know

1391
00:51:43,589 --> 00:51:41,680
my son picks up the phone when i call my

1392
00:51:45,109 --> 00:51:43,599
wife and will answer i will not give the

1393
00:51:47,109 --> 00:51:45,119
phone to her i'm not saying anything i

1394
00:51:49,510 --> 00:51:47,119
love papa i love papa is a

1395
00:51:51,109 --> 00:51:49,520
three-year-old guy so it's gonna be it's

1396
00:51:52,870 --> 00:51:51,119
going to be something like this in space

1397
00:51:55,109 --> 00:51:52,880
i guess

1398
00:51:57,829 --> 00:51:55,119
awesome so we have one more question um

1399
00:52:00,069 --> 00:51:57,839
from m reichel chesser cheshire on

1400
00:52:02,230 --> 00:52:00,079
twitter and he asked what is it like to

1401
00:52:11,670 --> 00:52:02,240
be cramped in the soyuz for two days

1402
00:52:11,680 --> 00:52:14,710
hopefully

1403
00:52:21,589 --> 00:52:19,270
our crew again as my previous flight we

1404
00:52:26,309 --> 00:52:21,599
will have fast rendezvous

1405
00:52:30,069 --> 00:52:26,319
so it will be six hours and how you feel

1406
00:52:32,870 --> 00:52:30,079
two days in soyuz you can ask paolo

1407
00:52:33,670 --> 00:52:32,880
well i actually had this experience and

1408
00:52:38,549 --> 00:52:33,680
uh

1409
00:52:40,870 --> 00:52:38,559
i think the the the

1410
00:52:43,349 --> 00:52:40,880
the worst part is when you're actually

1411
00:52:44,710 --> 00:52:43,359
strapped in for launch and entry and

1412
00:52:47,270 --> 00:52:44,720
especially so where you are really

1413
00:52:49,910 --> 00:52:47,280
sitting in your seat in a fetal position

1414
00:52:51,910 --> 00:52:49,920
all hunkered down that's uncomfortable

1415
00:52:55,910 --> 00:52:51,920
but uh you know when when you are

1416
00:52:58,150 --> 00:52:55,920
actually in space and and for two days

1417
00:53:01,109 --> 00:52:58,160
we used to be there because you need to

1418
00:53:03,190 --> 00:53:01,119
acquire data to point your spacecraft to

1419
00:53:04,870 --> 00:53:03,200
the space station now the the soyuz can

1420
00:53:06,950 --> 00:53:04,880
do it by itself so we don't need to do

1421
00:53:08,790 --> 00:53:06,960
that anymore uh

1422
00:53:10,630 --> 00:53:08,800
it's actually not that bad you know

1423
00:53:12,470 --> 00:53:10,640
space is small or something but you get

1424
00:53:14,950 --> 00:53:12,480
to stretch a little bit and you get to

1425
00:53:15,750 --> 00:53:14,960
eat something i heard scott kelly they

1426
00:53:18,710 --> 00:53:15,760
said

1427
00:53:20,790 --> 00:53:18,720
i know now how that a cat feels you know

1428
00:53:22,470 --> 00:53:20,800
you wake up a little bit you eat

1429
00:53:24,069 --> 00:53:22,480
something you go to sleep but then

1430
00:53:25,670 --> 00:53:24,079
you're the money to go to sleep again

1431
00:53:27,109 --> 00:53:25,680
then you wake up then you listen to the

1432
00:53:28,870 --> 00:53:27,119
radio where they talk and then you'll

1433
00:53:30,069 --> 00:53:28,880
sleep a little bit it's actually not a

1434
00:53:31,510 --> 00:53:30,079
bad time

1435
00:53:33,030 --> 00:53:31,520
because you

1436
00:53:35,270 --> 00:53:33,040
really you get to space you're really

1437
00:53:37,670 --> 00:53:35,280
tired i mean it's a really really really

1438
00:53:39,829 --> 00:53:37,680
long day your body is going through all

1439
00:53:42,549 --> 00:53:39,839
these changes of this sensation it's

1440
00:53:44,630 --> 00:53:42,559
kind of crazy and and some people got to

1441
00:53:46,630 --> 00:53:44,640
say that it's not bad the fact that you

1442
00:53:48,790 --> 00:53:46,640
have you know few hours where you can

1443
00:53:50,950 --> 00:53:48,800
really do nothing just just hang around

1444
00:53:53,190 --> 00:53:50,960
there and so i would

1445
00:53:55,510 --> 00:53:53,200
i would say it's not the best time but

1446
00:53:57,190 --> 00:53:55,520
it's not bad either and after having

1447
00:53:59,589 --> 00:53:57,200
spent a few hundred hours now in the

1448
00:54:00,710 --> 00:53:59,599
soyuz next to sergey uh doing our

1449
00:54:03,030 --> 00:54:00,720
training in the simulators and

1450
00:54:05,430 --> 00:54:03,040
everything i i give a lot more credit to

1451
00:54:07,510 --> 00:54:05,440
the early cosmonauts and astronauts uh

1452
00:54:09,349 --> 00:54:07,520
when they were flying these flights and

1453
00:54:10,870 --> 00:54:09,359
from one me the one that stands out it

1454
00:54:13,750 --> 00:54:10,880
was the gemini mission it was tom

1455
00:54:15,270 --> 00:54:13,760
stafford and jim lovell two weeks in a

1456
00:54:17,190 --> 00:54:15,280
gemini capsule

1457
00:54:18,710 --> 00:54:17,200
if people don't know what that's like go

1458
00:54:20,390 --> 00:54:18,720
google it and see how much space there

1459
00:54:22,230 --> 00:54:20,400
was they're basically their seats and

1460
00:54:23,750 --> 00:54:22,240
that was it for two weeks they could go

1461
00:54:25,349 --> 00:54:23,760
into their refrigerator and close the

1462
00:54:27,430 --> 00:54:25,359
door and be there for two weeks you know

1463
00:54:29,430 --> 00:54:27,440
maybe shut it off before i mean it's

1464
00:54:30,950 --> 00:54:29,440
amazing what these early pioneers did in

1465
00:54:33,190 --> 00:54:30,960
space exploration

1466
00:54:35,109 --> 00:54:33,200
and for whatever part it is that we're

1467
00:54:36,950 --> 00:54:35,119
doing in that step of humans going to

1468
00:54:38,950 --> 00:54:36,960
into another terrestrial body we hope

1469
00:54:41,670 --> 00:54:38,960
that we're you know doing our part to

1470
00:54:43,990 --> 00:54:41,680
you know further the advance of our our

1471
00:54:45,910 --> 00:54:44,000
species uh exploring the solar system in

1472
00:54:47,990 --> 00:54:45,920
the in the universe

1473
00:54:49,829 --> 00:54:48,000
all right well it's been a lot of fun

1474
00:54:51,510 --> 00:54:49,839
talking with you i learned a lot but

1475
00:54:52,789 --> 00:54:51,520
we're just about out of time now so

1476
00:54:55,030 --> 00:54:52,799
we're going to wrap it up by letting you

1477
00:54:56,870 --> 00:54:55,040
know that you can keep up with the

1478
00:55:01,030 --> 00:54:56,880
all the news on on the space station and

1479
00:55:02,150 --> 00:55:01,040
what's going on up there at www.nasa.gov

1480
00:55:04,710 --> 00:55:02,160
station

1481
00:55:06,549 --> 00:55:04,720
and again to give you an idea of how you

1482
00:55:07,910 --> 00:55:06,559
can follow along with it with these guys

1483
00:55:09,750 --> 00:55:07,920
while they're

1484
00:55:11,750 --> 00:55:09,760
training and then when they get to space

1485
00:55:15,109 --> 00:55:11,760
again their social media accounts for

1486
00:55:17,910 --> 00:55:15,119
randy bresnik is astro comrade astro

1487
00:55:20,309 --> 00:55:17,920
comrade and he is on

1488
00:55:21,430 --> 00:55:20,319
twitter facebook and instagram so you'll

1489
00:55:22,230 --> 00:55:21,440
want to keep an eye on all three of

1490
00:55:24,069 --> 00:55:22,240
those

1491
00:55:27,589 --> 00:55:24,079
for paulo he's on twitter and you can

1492
00:55:29,270 --> 00:55:27,599
find him at astro underscore paulo

1493
00:55:32,789 --> 00:55:29,280
and then finally

1494
00:55:35,190 --> 00:55:32,799
sergey also on twitter is at ryzanski

1495
00:55:36,950 --> 00:55:35,200
underscore iss and that is for

1496
00:55:38,470 --> 00:55:36,960
international space station

1497
00:55:40,950 --> 00:55:38,480
thanks so much for joining us today and

1498
00:55:43,270 --> 00:55:40,960
you can keep again keeping up with not

1499
00:55:46,470 --> 00:55:43,280
only all of this but other nasa news at